New recommended diagnostic criteria for diabetes are summarized in the following table:

Diagnosis should be made if the abnormality is documented on at least 2 occasions.

Most diabetic patients are obese and therefore insulin resistance is the most dominant abnormality. In the non-obese individual, defective insulin secretion is more likely to be the major pathophysiologic abnormality. Hence, education, diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring should be the therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.