The following recommendations are meant to provide general guidance for decisions related to treatment of children with HIV infection, and flexibility should be exercised according to the child’s individual circumstances. Guidelines for when to start antiretroviral therapy and the choice of drug regimens are evolving. Treatment with HAART has had a dramatic impact on the health of children with HIV infection. However, attainment of these benefits requires rigorous adherence to demanding treatment schedules.
Additionally, therapy is associated with short- and long-term toxicities, some of which are only now beginning to be appreciated in children [78, 79]. Whenever possible, decisions regarding the management of pediatric HIV infection should be directed by, or in consultation with, a specialist in pediatric and adolescent HIV infection.