Auguste Comte, 1798-1857, was a French intellectual and the father of sociology, who established the basis for the scientific study of society. Emile Durkheim, 1818-1917, was a French sociologist who designed the system of working procedures for sociology based on the roles that must be fulfilled in society, so that it is maintained united and develops. Karl Marx, 1818-1883, was a German philosopher and economist, who proposed a society in which social values must be considered before the individual. He tried to study a society divided into classes which were in constant struggle. He is the founder of Historical Materialism, in which he conceptualized a society with no classes and no exploitation.
Max Weber, 1864-1920, was a German sociologist and economist, who set up “comprehension” as a way to explain social actions and “social classes or types” as an abstraction of actors based on rationalism. Talcot Parsons, 1902-1970, was an American sociologist, who provided concepts such as structure, systems and functions, social role and status, socialization, social system, and structure and function, all of which are now very common; Parsons is considered as the most renowned sociologist because of his organizing of the sociology thought.