Fieldwork is the main way to carry out this research. Firstly, I will introduce the team members, as well as the interviewees list and connection method, etc. Then, I will turn to emphasize the findings in our research, which are guided by several dimensions: 1.Reasons for collaboration. We found five kinds of reasons encouraging collaboration. Personal network is the most important factor to improve the collaboration. 2.Factors encouraging collaboration. We found the supports from the governments of both developed countries and developing countries, as well as from international organizations. 3.Barriers to the collaboration. We found that (1) The procedure of examining and approving by custom office takes too long time, which hinders the export of those bio-products; (2) The unstable political environment of some developing countries will disturb the south to south collaborations, (3) Science and technology counselors havent played an expected role in improving south to south collaboration. These three aspects are the main barriers hindering the collaboration. 4.Outputs of the collaboration. In the cases of our fieldwork, we found papers, producing a new medicine, entering the target markets, finding a new kind of plant etc are the main outputs of the collaboration. 5.We conclude several suggestions to the governments in developing countries according to the interviewees. (1) change the attitude from only focusing on cooperating with developed countries to paying more and more attention to other developing countries (2) sign the collaboration framework and making clear the responsibility of science and technology counselors in embassies.(3) offer special fund to support south to south collaboration, (4) improve the efficiency of management operation, and perfecting the process of science policy making, etc..