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Large variations occur in the prevalence of diabetes in populations around the world, ranging from less than 1% in the Bantu in Africa to as high as 50% in the Pima Indians in the USA. Within the USA, and in other countries, there are large differences in the prevalence of diabetes among different ethnic groups. Furthermore, even in the same ethnic group there are marked differences in prevalence in different countries. For example the prevalence of diabetes among the Chinese living in Mauritius is much higher than in China.
What are the explanations for these differences?